Officials of the World Health Organization say it’s now clear how the new coronavirus that causes Covid-19 spreads, at least in most cases. It’s transmitted via virus-containing droplets emitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Pinpointing where, when and how the virus transmits is key to formulating the most effective ways to protect people and stop the pandemic. Here’s an explanation of the main route of contagion and other pathways still under investigation.